Pancreatitis is a pathology in which inflammatory and degenerative changes develop in the pancreas.When exposed to certain etiological factors, the process of synthesis of proteolytic enzymes is activated, which leads to damage to the cells of the pancreas.This article will highlight the main clinical manifestations of this pathology, as well as the features of dietary nutrition as an important component of complex therapy.
Pancreatitis Clinic
Pancreatitis is characterized by sharp, severe pain, which, if not treated in a timely manner, can provoke the development of painful shock.Painful sensations are localized in the pit of the stomach or have a belt character.The inflammatory process in the pancreas leads to hyperthermia.In addition, changes in blood pressure (hypo- or hypertension) are observed and the patient's general condition worsens.It becomes pale and then the skin takes on an earthy-grey hue.With cholecystitis and pancreatitis, jaundice can be observed due to compression of the bile duct by an enlarged gland.
Patients also report dry mouth.They experience hiccups and belching, and nausea begins to bother them.In the acute phase, constant vomiting is observed.The loss of electrolytes leads to clammy sweat, shortness of breath and a yellow coating on the tongue.The stool becomes foamy, contains food particles and has a foul smell.Sometimes, on the contrary, constipation and flatulence are noted.Symptoms of pancreatitis also include the appearance of bluish spots around the belly button.With the further development of the pathological process, the patient's condition worsens, so he should be immediately hospitalized.
Treatment of pancreatitis
If the disease worsens, the patient is hospitalized.The treatment regimen includes antispasmodics, drugs that eliminate vomiting, diuretics (they prevent swelling of the pancreas and help quickly remove excess enzymes from the body), painkillers, enzyme inhibitors, and antibiotics are prescribed for purulent pancreatitis.In the future, vitamin therapy is carried out to strengthen the body.
In cases of acute inflammation and severe vomiting, patients are prescribed fasting.Only mineral water or rosehip decoction may be taken.In the future, low-calorie foods are gradually introduced into the diet, excluding foods that can stimulate the production of gastric juice and gas formation.
Therapeutic diet
It is developed according to the patient's condition.The diet after acute inflammation has subsided includes the following:
- Supplying the body with physiological amounts of proteins, lipids and carbohydrate compounds;
- increasing the amount of vitamins;
- Reducing the amount or completely eliminating substances that can irritate the intestinal mucosa;
- complete avoidance of smoked, spicy, salty, alcoholic, spices and canned foods;
- a diet for pancreatitis involves chopping or grinding food, the temperature of which should not exceed 60 - 65 ° C, i.e.h.mechanical and thermal irritation of the digestive organs must be eliminated as much as possible;
- Meals should be frequent but always in small portions;If the pain is severe, therapeutic fasting is permitted within 1 - 2 days;
- With pancreatitis and gastritis, refusal to eat can reduce irritation of the mucous membrane.
Authorized Products
If the pancreas is damaged, the patient's diet may include:
- from dairy products - kefir, non-acidic cottage cheese and yogurt;
- lean meat (chicken, rabbit, veal) in the form of soufflé or puree;
- Pike perch, pike, cod (low-fat varieties);
- grated vegetables that should be boiled or baked first;
- crackers or slightly dried bread;
- vegetarian soups;
- steamed omelettes;
- for patients with pancreatitis, consumption of olive oil and butter from fats is allowed;
- The recommended cereals are oatmeal, buckwheat and semolina;
- You can eat unsweetened baked apples as fruit;
- The best drink to drink is rosehip infusion.
When the inflammation is eliminated and the clinical manifestations of the disease disappear, the diet is slightly expanded.
Sample menu
With chronic pancreatitis, the menu may look like this:
Option 1
- 200 g of mashed potatoes with meatballs (100 g), 200 g of grated rice porridge, tea;
- 100 g cheese;
- Vegetable puree soup with crouton, steamed meat soufflé, 200 g buckwheat porridge;
- Protein omelette in the amount of 110 g, stewed, compote;
- 250 g fish sandwiches and tea;
- Sour milk (approx. 200 ml).
Option 2
- boiled fish, mashed potatoes and tea to which you can add milk;
- 100 g cheese;
- Oatmeal soup (approx. 250 g) and meat soufflé (100 g), stewed with mashed potatoes;
- egg white omelet;
- cottage cheese soufflé;
- a glass of sour milk.
Option 3
- Oatmeal and meat soufflé, tea;
- Cheese;
- Oatmeal soup and meat cutlets (110 g) with mashed potatoes, baked apple;
- egg white omelet;
- Meatballs (110 g), carrot puree;
- sour milk.
Dietary meals should contain animal proteins as they are easily digestible, and fats and carbohydrates should be kept to a minimum to protect the pancreas and restore normal digestion of food.
When pancreatitis becomes chronic, diet can be considered the basis for effective treatment.It is important to eat enough protein foods.It is advisable not to braise or bake meat dishes, but rather to boil or steam them.Low-fat fish dishes are also prepared in the same way.
Since milk is sometimes poorly tolerated, it is recommended to add it only to cooked cereals and drink it in pure form in an amount of no more than half a glass per day.In addition, the diet should not contain meat and fish broths, garlic and onions, cabbage and radishes.Products made from rye flour are also prohibited.
What should be the calorie content of dishes?
Patients should consume around 350 g of carbohydrates daily, of which 40 g should be easily digestible sugar.The total energy value of food consumed during the day should be an average of 2600 kilocalories.To correctly calculate the calorie content, there is a special table that indicates the name of the product, its content of proteins, carbohydrates and fats, as well as the number of kilocalories.With its help, the daily diet of patients is drawn up not only with pancreatitis, but also with other diseases that require adequate nutrition.
Traditional treatment methods
Among traditional medicines, the following are considered the most effective:
- Potato juice.You should drink half a glass of it two hours before meals, wait 5 minutes and wash it down with a glass of kefir.The treatment should last 14 days.After that, you need to take a 10-day break and repeat the use of the product.
- It is recommended to drink 100 ml of Brussels sprout juice three times a day for 30 days.
- An infusion of dill and cumin proves to be useful.
- It is useful to drink a Mumiyo solution (calculated at 2 g per 3 liters of water) every evening for 10 days in a row, an hour after eating.
- For chronic pancreatitis, it is recommended to take 20 drops of propolis tincture (10%) at night for 6 months after dissolving it in 100 ml of warm milk.
To prevent the progression of pancreatitis, folk remedies based on medicinal herbs are used.Marigold flowers, marshmallow root, blueberry leaves, bean pods, calamus root, wormwood and mint leaves are mainly used.
The following remedy will help you speed up your recovery.You need to pass a kilogram of lemons, parsley roots and garlic (300 g each) through a meat grinder, mix everything and let the resulting mass stand for two weeks, after which start taking one teaspoon.In case of chronic pancreatitis, it is also recommended to grind the chicory root, pour boiling water over it, bring to the boil, then cool, strain and drink in small sips.
In addition to the above remedies, patients are recommended to do special exercises that have a positive effect on the pancreas.You need to breathe in and out, hold your breath and gently pull in your stomach, and then relax the muscles of the abdominal wall.Then you should breathe in and out, hold your breath and inflate your stomach vigorously and then relax.The exercises should be performed three to 9 repetitions three times a day while lying down.Such breathing exercises improve blood circulation and promote the outflow of digestive juices, thereby preventing the development of pancreatitis or its exacerbation.
It is worth remembering that in acute pancreatitis, traditional methods should not be resorted to, as the patient should receive immediate medical attention.Otherwise the disease can be fatal.